Voyage Journal of Economics & Business Research

An Examination of the Effects of Ecological Valence Theory on Consumer Intention to Buy: A Case Study of Pakistan's Food and Beverage Industry

Khurram Shahzad Khan, Mahad Javed — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The choice of colours is a crucial element in visual perception, impacting various human behaviours, including purchasing decisions. According to the ecological valence theory (EVT), people's colour preferences are influenced by their emotional responses to different object qualities. EVT suggests that individuals tend to prefer colours associated with pleasant items, remain indifferent to colours of little significance, and have an aversion to colours linked to unpleasant objects. To further explore this theory, a study was conducted to examine how colour affects Pakistani consumers' inclination to purchase fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). The study involved the distribution of questionnaires in Karachi to gather quantitative data. The study findings validated the ecological valence theory, showing that factors such as colour harmony, attractiveness, and ecological valence positively impacted purchasing intentions among Pakistani consumers. Moreover, it was found that the associations between colour predictors and purchase intentions were influenced by consumer colour preferences. These results provide empirical support for the ecological valence theory in the specific context of Pakistan. From a practical standpoint, these findings have implications for marketers and product designers. When developing product packaging, considering the emotional meaning of colours can significantly positively influence customer behaviour. By incorporating colours that align with consumers' emotional responses, marketers can enhance the appeal and effectiveness of their products in the Pakistani market.

Uncovering the Relationship between Ethical Leadership, Employee Retention, and Organizational Engagement: A Longitudinal Study

Mohammad Najam Khan Khan, Dr. Abdul Hafeez — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The success of an organization is contingent upon the leader, who occupies the central position. Scholars and practitioners emphasize the necessity of leaders' ethical and moral behavior. The present research endeavored to investigate the characteristic of ethical leadership in promoting organizational identification and mediating the role of turnover intention, drawing on entity morality theory and social identity theory. The data was collected through a questionnaire using a random sampling technique in a cross-sectional research design with a deductive approach. Regression analysis was employed to analyze data from 380 employees of Pakistan's cement industry. The results indicate that ethical leadership is positively correlated with organizational identification and negatively correlated with turnover intention. The cross-sectional design and limited sample size are the primary constraints of this study. Data from larger samples and data on actual turnover, rather than intention, may be collected in future studies. This investigation suggests that leaders of cement industries operating in the rural outskirts of Pakistan may implement ethical leadership strategies to cultivate organizational identification and decrease turnover intention. This research is a substantial contribution to the field, as it has gathered data from companies operating in the rural outskirts of Pakistan, which are situated outside of conventional industrial zones.

The Effect of Passenger Satisfaction on Relationship Between Price, Assurance, Responsiveness and Reliability

Aftab Ali, Hassan Iqbal — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The goal of this research study is to better understand how passenger satisfaction in Pakistan's airline business is influenced by aspects including Responsiveness and Airline image values. It investigates the moderating effects of Airline images. The study primarily looks at how price mediates passenger happiness and how gender has a moderating impact on Airline images. The sample size for this study was 384, with a 5% error margin and a 95% confidence level. The target industry for this campaign was determined to be the aviation sector because of the passenger' prior plane travel. Out of 500 surveys disseminated, 50 plus valid replies were received from the target aviation sector using a Google survey form. the data analysis used partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method. We employ the PLS-SEM sampling technique to assess the latent variables' power and how well they can account for the target structures. The main reason (PLS-SEM) is utilized is because it can estimate very complex models with a small amount of data. Seven of the 8 hypotheses evaluated in this study, including two direct and two mediating hypotheses, were not supported by the findings. Except for the following three, all of the direct hypotheses were confirmed by the findings, with the exception of the following The study mainly concentrated on the effect of price and airline images values on passenger satisfaction, and it is recommended that additional variables be included in future research to provide a thorough understanding of passenger satisfaction across industries or countries. Originality/Value - By exploring the impacts of Assurance and service reliability values on customer satisfaction in the context of the airline business in Pakistan, this research improves the body of current work. In order to shed light on the nuanced interactions between these factors, the study examines the mediate function of Airline images.

To Study Influence of Blockchain Technology, Supply Chain Mapping, Integration on Supply Chain Sustainability

Muhammad Abubakr Saeed Ahmed, Dr. Sherbaz Khan — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Motivation of this research study reflect better understanding how supply chain sustainability in Pakistan's supply chain industry is influenced by aspects including block chain technology, followed by integration and mapping. The illustration is 384, with 5% error margin and a 95% confidence level. The target industry for this campaign was determined to be the supply chain sector. Out of 500 surveys disseminated, 384 valid replies were received from the target supply chain sector using a Google survey form that used the PLS-SEM model for work. We employ PLS SEM sampling technique to assess the latent variables' power and how well they can account for the target structures. The main reason (PLS-SEM) is utilized is because it can estimate very complex models with a small amount of data. The results support each of the following direct hypotheses: supply chain integration is negatively impacted by block chain technologies, supply chain mapping is negatively impacted by block chain technologies, integration has a significant impact on supply chain sustainability, and supply chain mapping has a significant impact on sustainability. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of supply chain sustainability across industries or nations, it is advised that additional variables be included in future research. This study primarily focused on blockchain technologies (BT), supply chain integration, and mapping on supply chain sustainability. This research enhances the work environment by examining the effects of blockchain technologies (BT) and supply chain sustainability within the framework of Pakistani supply chain businesses.

Crafting a Comprehensive Economic Policy Framework for Pakistan: Balancing Restrictive and Expansionary Measures for Sustainable Growth

Dr. Syed Zubair Ahmed — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the formulation of a comprehensive economic policy framework for Pakistan, focusing on the balance between restrictive and expansionary measures to foster sustainable growth. Through a synthesis of economic theory, empirical evidence, and case studies, the study identifies the optimal mix of policies to effectively tackle Pakistan's economic challenges while promoting long-term development. Key considerations include high inflation rates, fiscal deficits, and external imbalances. Policy recommendations underscore the significance of targeted interventions and a nuanced approach to economic policymaking. Limitations include data constraints and modeling assumptions, focusing on the need for continued collaboration between policymakers and researchers to navigate Pakistan's economic landscape effectively.